For centuries, Mazunte lived from fishing, agriculture, and — tragically — sea turtle hunting. The town housed one of the world's largest sea turtle processing plants, exporting meat, oil, and shells globally. In 1990, Mexico banned sea turtle hunting, leaving Mazunte without an economy.
The rebirth was extraordinary. In 1995, Anita Roddick, founder of The Body Shop, helped residents create Cosméticos Naturales — a cooperative producing soaps, shampoos, and body oils from local raw materials. Then the government founded the Centro Mexicano de la Tortuga (CIMATUR), transforming a threat into conservation. Mazunte is now cited globally as a model of community-based sustainable tourism.
Zipolite discovered its calling in the 1970s when the first backpackers and artists found its wild beaches and atmosphere of total freedom. Today, both villages have found a rare balance between welcoming visitors, preserving the environment, and maintaining their Zapotec cultural identity.